Exostoses (Surfer’s Ear): Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment Method

Exostoses are the formation of new bone on the surface of a bone. When exostoses occur in the ear canal, they cause a condition known as “surfer’s ear”. These growths generally occur in both ears and are a result of repeated exposure to cold water and wind. Surfers, swimmers, and divers are particularly prone to this condition, giving rise to the name “surfer’s ear”. 

In this article, we’ll explore the causes and symptoms of surfer’s ear. We’ll also outline some methods of diagnosis and the available treatment options.

• Symptoms of Surfer’s Ear
• Causes of Surfer’s Ear
• Diagnosing Surfer’s Ear
• Treatment for Surfer’s Ear
• FAQs About Surfer’s Ear

While some individuals may not experience noticeable signs, others may encounter difficulty draining water out of their ears. This could lead to the following symptoms as the condition progresses:

• Infection in the ear canal
• A sensation of fullness in the ears
• Ear pain
• Fluid drainage from the ear
• Hearing loss

While the exact cause of exostoses remains unknown, a significant risk factor is the frequent exposure of the ear canal to cold water. Irritation from exposure to cold wind and water can cause the development of new bony growths in the bone surrounding the ear canal.

Certain individuals are more susceptible to this condition, especially those who regularly engage in water sports such as surfing, kayaking, sailing, and diving. These sports often involve extended exposure to cold wind and water, increasing the risk of developing surfer’s ear.

To diagnose exostoses, a thorough medical history and a physical examination of the ear will be conducted. During the physical exam, the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist will inspect your ear canal using an otoscope, looking for any bony growths or other abnormalities.

In addition to a physical examination, hearing tests may be performed to assess any hearing loss associated with the condition. Imaging tests, such as a CT scan, might also be conducted to obtain a detailed view of the ear canal and surrounding structures, allowing your doctor to evaluate the extent of the exostoses.

In many cases, small exostoses do not require treatment and may not cause any major hearing issues. In more major cases, the growths may start to block the ear canal, leading to hearing impairment. The narrowing of the ear canal can also cause water and wax to be trapped, leading to infections in the ear canal. 

Outside of symptom relief, surgical intervention is the only way to remove the bony growths. The bone will need to be drilled off and removed from the ear canal. Recovery from surgery takes at least one month. During this time, it’s crucial to keep water out of the ear canal using swim plugs, such as during showers or baths, to prevent infection.

This article was originally published on Psych Times.